The study aims to deepen the understanding of the rise of radical
nationalism and the politicization of religion in the 21st century as
this marks the battleground for an ideological formation that
contributes to the growth of fascism and its far-right nationalist
movements in the transitional period of war-torn societies. Myanmar,
Bosnia, and Iran are selected to represent the case study analyses as
they disclose the ways in which the existence of multi-ethnic societies
of those countries have been struggling to deal with the politics of
ethnocentrism and the politicization of religion that have been
contributing to the rise of ethno-fascist ideology and political
violence. These challenges perpetuate prolonged identity-based conflicts
that hinder long-term peace building efforts for the promotion of social
reconciliation among the warring parties and the manifestation of
democratic practices and pluralism in the early stage of the
transitional period.