Statistical analysis
The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS v21.0 software
(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Data are presented as mean ± SD in the table
and the text. The normality of the distribution was realized using the
Shapiro-Wilk test.
A two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) [4 (Group) × 2 (Training)]
was used. When significant, pairwise comparisons were assessed using the
Bonferroni post-hoc test. Partial eta squared
(ƞp2 ) was calculated to assess
the practical significance of the findings.ƞp2 between 0 and 0.059
represent small effect, between 0.06 and 0.13 represent moderate effect
and over 0.13 represent large effect.
Δ (%) = ((Post-training – Pre-training) / Post-training) × 100
Significant difference was set at p≤0.05.
Table 1. Evolution of information processing, selective
attention, reaction time and score of sleep quality between before and
after the training intervention for the control group (CG), the aerobic
training plus vitamin D supplementation group (ATDG), the vitamin D
supplementation group (VDG) and the aerobic training group (ATG).