Grandparent-grandchild Relationships
Mansson (2012) established that nonverbal affection (e.g., hugging,
kissing) was the most common behavior that grandparents used to
demonstrate affection toward their emerging adult grandchildren. This
was followed by attempts to spend face-to-face time with them (e.g.,
having lunch together). Support/encouragement (e.g., providing financial
support by paying for education or bills) was the least affectionate
behavior reported.