Notes

OpenAI, “Introducing ChatGPT”; Wang et al., “What Does ChatGPT Say: The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence.”
2 Dan Milmo, “ChatGPT Reaches 100 Million Users Two Months after Launch.”
3 OpenAI, “Introducing ChatGPT.”
4 Liebrenz et al., “Generating Scholarly Content with ChatGPT: Ethical Challenges for Medical Publishing.”
5 Gilson et al., “How Does ChatGPT Perform on the United States Medical Licensing Examination? The Implications of Large Language Models for Medical Education and Knowledge Assessment”; Kung et al., “Performance of ChatGPT on USMLE: Potential for AI-Assisted Medical Education Using Large Language Models”; Shen et al., “ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models Are Double-Edged Swords.”
6 Katz et al., “GPT-4 Passes the Bar Exam.”
7 Young, “Reverend Robot: Automation And Clergy.”
8 Young, 491.
9 Dale Chamberlain, “How Well Does ChatGPT Understand Christian Theology?”
10 David Crary, “ChatGPT Is Coming for Religion and Lazy Pastors Might Use It to Write Their Sermons—But It ‘Has No Soul”’; Associated Press, “ChatGPT AI Robots Writing Church Sermons Causing Hell for Pastors.”
11 Jennifer A. Kingson, “Religious Leaders Experiment with ChatGPT Sermons.”
12 Aaron Earls, “Churchgoers Proud of Church’s COVID-19 Response.”
3 Aaron Earls, “Livestreaming Services Hasn’t Been an Option for Many Churches.”
4 Pew Research Center, “The Digital Pulpit: A Nationwide Analysis of Online Sermons.”
15 Pieterse, “Grounded Theory Approach in Sermon Analysis of Sermons on Poverty and Directed at the Poor as Listeners,” 116.
6 Adam, “Persuasion In Religious Discourse: Enhancing Credibility In Sermon Titles And Openings,” 7.
7 J. I. Packer, Truth & Power: The Place of Scripture in the Christian Life .
8 R.C. Sproul, “Preaching and Teaching.”
9 Haddon W. Robinson, Biblical Preaching: The Development and Delivery of Expository Messages ; Colin Smith, “Preaching.”
20 Karl Barth, Homiletics , 49–50; Haddon W. Robinson, Biblical Preaching: The Development and Delivery of Expository Messages .
21 Ronald Boyd-Macmillan, Explosive Preaching: Letters on Detonating the Gospel in the 21st Century .
22 Aaron Earls, “Most Popular Sermon Passages, Topics in 2021.”
23 John N. Akers et al., “The Gospel of Jesus Christ: An Evangelical Celebration”; Thomas Schreiner, New Testament Theology: Magnifying God in Christ .
24 James K. Wellman, Evangelical Vs. Liberal: The Clash of Christian Cultures in the Pacific Northwest .
25 Wayne A. Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine , 692–98.
26 OpenAI, “Introducing ChatGPT.”
27 Kathy Charmaz, Constructing Grounded Theory .
28 Pieterse, “The Grounded Theory Methodology to Conduct Content Analysis of Sermons and Interviews: Critique and Response.”
29 Pieterse.
30 Kathy Charmaz, “Grounded Theory: Objectivist and Constructivist Methods,” 259.
31 Virtanen and Halmari, “Persuasion across Genres.”
32 John N. Akers et al., “The Gospel of Jesus Christ: An Evangelical Celebration.”
33 Haddon W. Robinson, Biblical Preaching: The Development and Delivery of Expository Messages , 77–96.
34 Haddon W. Robinson, 90.
35 Stoorvogel, Van Vuuren, and De Jong, “Sermons That Have Changed My Life: A Qualitative Study of the Factors in Sermons That Elicit Change.”
36 Thomas G. Long, The Witness of Preaching, Second Edition , 11–51.
37 Stoorvogel, Van Vuuren, and De Jong, “Moving Sermons: A Field Experiment on the Persuasive Effects of Preaching.”
38 Young, “Reverend Robot: Automation And Clergy.” See paper for specific theological questions raised.
Table 1. Overview of Categories