Three of the articles were found to be High (Table 10). For example, A20:
Problem solver: ”Important measurement difficulties remain unresolved in self-concept research…This was shown by Barbara Byrne who identified “a grave need for researchers to move beyond the paper-and-pencil approach to self-report measurement” (p. 904) because responses to self-concept questionnaires will be “influenced by a cultural bias that ultimately leads to differential perceptions of self” (p. 903).”
Utilitarianism /Functional: “Since investigations based on the prevailing theoretical models of self-concept are almost exclusively quantitative in nature, critical scrutiny of the theoretical foundations of science self-concept research is needed.”
Two of the articles are Moderate. For example, A26:
Utilitarianism: “It stands to reason, therefore, that if we can understand what influences the development of self-efficacy, then we can utilize this knowledge to promote and encourage engagement and participation in science. This would be of particular value to those working with girls who fail to continue with science beyond compulsory education despite high academic achievement in science.”
Functional: “It is hoped that furthering our understanding of self-efficacy formation may provide crucial information that will enable teachers to tailor their support and instruction to enhance student’s future take-up of science.”
Four articles were classified as Low.