Opportunity-as-Hologram, real or artificial in Entrepreneurship
- David Leong
Abstract
Entrepreneurship concerns actions under uncertainties. Situated within
that uncertainties are opportunities that entrepreneurs seek. How are
these opportunities seen? Within the entrepreneurial opportunities are
seeds with potentialities. Potentialities for profits. They are the
reasons that entrepreneurs act up to exploit and to set in motion the
entrepreneurial emergence. The intentionality follows with construction
of a coherent set of activities or incoherent intuitive moves to pursue
the opportunity, including injecting resources and mobilizing social and
material networks. How are opportunities discovered, and perceived? The
current academic debates feature discovery and creation. Are they
existing independently, with pre-existing reality, even without being
observed? Or as some argued that opportunities are not pre-existing in
space and time with an objective existence but are subjectively and
socially constructed. On contact with such opportunities, what spur
entrepreneurs to act and what are the forces at work? Are they real or
artificial? Can they be holographic representation and provide cues and
signals to entrepreneurs to act? Can opportunity-as-hologram explains
how entrepreneurs get inspired and motivated to pursuing the
opportunities?
This paper will explore, revisit and recast perspectives on
opportunities and addressing the subtle conceptual issues at the core of
entrepreneurship theories that hold the two views, discovery and
creation of opportunities to be both valid and mutually non-exclusive,
on holographic terms. In the discussion, this paper will explore
implicate order and explicate order which are quantum theory concepts
theorized by physicist David Bohm as these theories were developed to
explain the bizarre and unpredictable behaviours of subatomic particles,
which have strong semblance to the same free-spiritedness and free-will
self-organization behaviours of entrepreneurs.
Our theorization will have implications for entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurial researches relating to quantum science references.