The above table shows the VECM results of the model. Here our first
coefficient of the system equation is negative with a value of -0.643707
and the Probability value is 0.0376 is also significant. This derives
the conclusion that there exists long run relationship among the factors
affecting food grains productivity and they influence food grain
production collectively.
Diagnostic Checks for Long-run Causality: Just like short-run causality
we also tried to check the robustness of the model by using the
normality, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation tests. The results are
provided in the table below: