The present paper critically examined the available research on role of family and school contribution in academic achievement and explored their social representations. People adaptation with the prevalent notions and thinking beyond the boundary of common sense is required to explain multidimensional picture of any attribute. Previous research applied social representation theory to understand educability (Raty & Snellman, 1998), intelligence (Miguel, Valentim, & Carugati, 2010), academic achievement and failure (Sinha & Mishra, 2015), and teachership (Martikainen, 2019). This paper showed a polysemic understanding of family and school contribution where roles and identity matters.