Introduction
To save something from a dangerous and difficult situation and to prevent something to fail is a difficult and demanding job. It is a kind of situation in which someone notices something out of place and feels that someone needs help therefore, assumes responsibility to help and finally helps that is what is a rescuer’s self and it was the behavior that was observed among Jews during the days of holocaust (Fogelman, 1998). Trivers, (1971) has discussed rescuer behaviors and its other associated behaviors in evolutionary context. Halden (1932) in (Hamilton, 1963) discussed the possibility of altruistic behaviors during evolution. Rescuer behaviors have been found in ants in animal kingdom (Nowbahari & Hollis, 2010). In the history of religion altruistic behaviors are found those are somewhat closely related with the behaviors of rescuers in our times (Qirko, 2004).
Although altruistic rescuing is available in various religious missions in modern days (Fagan, 1986) but now, rescue service has also become a job and responsibility (Matheson, Manning, & Williams, 2011: Fanfarová & Mariš, 2017). It is now a well defined job area (Cooper, 2005) in which the role of a rescuer is well defined (Murphy & Ferry, 2018: Kumm & Bergqvist, 2010). It is also now defined that how do a rescuer perform better considering psychological guidelines (Cocking, Drury & Reicher, 2009), how do the rescuers would follow various safety precautionary measures to save themselves (Murphy & Greenhalgh, 2013) and what lessons the rescuers must learn from early rescue services (Claesson, Lindqvist, Ortenwall & Herlitz, 2012)?
Personal safety (Bibby, 2017) because each individual wants to live free of threat, avoids harms and coming to harm, it is a human need (Maslow, 1948) and its role is important in organization culture (Booth & Lee, 1995). Mitchell and Bray in (Wagner, Martin & McFee, 2009) have defined specific characteristics of a rescuer’s personality. Rescuer job are risky, stressful and in some cases are life threatening (Denton & Patrol, 1994). Rescue 1122 jobs are also risky (Amin, 2018). Job designs intervention can help to improve the rescuer jobs (Maher, 2019: Akhter, 2014) because rescuers are different in various traits as compared with people employed in other jobs (Mitchell & Bray, 1990). Researchers have highlighted personality traits those fit in the performance of rescue job demands (Salters-Pedneault, Ruef & Orr, 2010: Wagner, 2005) moreover, besides training rescue related jobs influence human physiology (Fannin & Dabbs Jr, 2003). Personal safety is an important question of modernity (Hopkins, 2009) and that is related with rescue jobs as well.
In rescue jobs own or others life could be at stake during the performance of rescue jobs the presence of factors like burnout could intervene with rescue job requirements, therefore, the present work was designed to assess that how do various burnout levels interplay with the satisfaction with life and self-efficacy levels among the rescuers?
Burnout is an , “emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment” (Dyrbye, West & Shanafelt, 2009) moreover, “perceived professional failure due to the incongruities of individual dreams of idealistic and altruistic aspirations and expectations of impeccable professional performance” can cause burnout (Friedman, 2006) and variables like , “job dissatisfaction, desire to quit the job, physical and emotional symptoms and perceived performance level” can also contribute in burnout (Pines & Keinan, 2005).
In the present work burnout was measured with, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (Kristensen, Borritz, Villadsen & Christensen, 2005), self efficacy was measured with the general self-efficacy scale (Jerusalem & Schwarzer, 1979) and the satisfaction with life was measured with the satisfaction with life scale (Diener, Emmons & Larsen, 1985)