Measures
Rosen’s Sexual Function Inventory (FSFI): The female sexual function index (C. B. Rosen, J. Heiman, S. Leiblum, C. Meston, R. Shabsigh, D. Ferguson, R. D’Agostino, R, 2000), with 19 questions, measures female sexual function in 6 independent areas of desire, mental stimulation, humidity, orgasm, satisfaction, and sexual pain. According to the questionnaire manual, the score of each area was obtained through the summation of questions’ scores in each field and its multiplication by the factor number. Since the number of questions in the areas in the FSFI questionnaire is not equal to each other, the scores are first combined for each area to weigh the areas and then multiplied by the factor number. Scores considered for questions 1- The area of desire (1-5) and 2) The area of sexual excitement, 3) Vaginal moisture, 4- Orgasm, 5- Pain (5-5), and 6) Sexual satisfaction (5-1), or 0). A zero score indicates that the person did not have sexual activity during the last 4 weeks. Based on weighing the areas, the maximum score for each field and for the whole scale will be as much as 6 and 36, respectively. The Persian version of FSFI (Fakhri, Pakpour, Burri, Morshedi, & Zeidi, 2012) has a good internal consistency that for each of the areas and the total scale was as much as 0.70 and higher. The instrument validity also revealed that its convergent validity with Luke Wallace’s marital adjustment questionnaire was 0.51 that supports its convergent validity and its divergent validity with the DASS questionnaire in three subscales of depression and anxiety and stress was 0.470, -0.270, and -0.370, respectively. The obtained values with the sexual distress questionnaire and with the negative emotion and with positive emotion were as much as -0.560, -0.240, and -0.380, respectively (Wiegel, Meston, & Rosen, 2005). The alpha coefficient of the instrument and its subscales of the present study are presented in Table 1.
Sexual Anxiety Questionnaire : The Sexual Anxiety Subscale of the Multidimensional Sexuality Questionnaire (MSQ)(Snell et al., 1993) used for measuring the anxiety variable. This questionnaire has 20 subscales that can be said it is the most complete questionnaire about sexual self-concept. MSQ has 100 questions and its responses are formed based on a 5-point Likert scale of 0 (it is not true at all to me), 1 (it’s very low about me true), 2 (to some extent true in me), 3 relatively is true in me), 4 (it is true very much in me). The score of each subscale is from 0 to 20. In this study, only the sexual anxiety subscale of this questionnaire was applied. This subscale has five questions that include questions 1, 21, 41, 61, 82 without reverse-scoring. The internal consistency of MSQ anxiety subscale obtained 0.84 by Snell et al. (1993). The structural and differential validity of the scale was acceptable (Ramezani et al. 2016). The alpha coefficient of this scale in the present study is presented in Table 1.
Self-genital image questionnaire : The scale of the self-genital image (Herbenick et al., 2011), measure the self-genital image variables. This scale assesses the female’s feelings about their genitals. It has seven items and two sub-components: 1- Intrapersonal concerns that include questions 1, 2, 4, 5; 2- Interpersonal concerns that include questions 3.6. , 7. The respondent must determine the extent of his/her agreement or disagreement on a Likert scale of 4 -point, from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The range of scores is from 7 to 28. A general score is obtained from the sum of scores and the higher scores represent the more positive self-genital image. The reliability of the Persian version for total scale, factor 1 (intrapersonal concerns), and factor 2 (interpersonal concerns) were 0.81, 0.86 and 0.89 respectively (Pakpour et al., 2014). In terms of validity, all the items of this scale were significantly correlated with each other (Pakpour et al., 2014). Felix et al. (2017) obtained the Cronbach’s Alpha as much as 0.81 for this instrument that indicates its high reliability. Construct validity was also shown through a low correlation with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire. The alpha coefficient of the instrument in the present study is presented in Table 1.
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ): We usedFFMQ (Baer, Samuel, & Lykins, 2011) to measure the awareness of the moment. This instrument is a 39-item self-report scale with five factors including acting with awareness, describe, non-judge, non-react, and observe. The respondents must express their agreement or disagreement rate with any phrases on a Likert scale of 5 degrees from 1 (never) to 5 (always). The scores range on this scale is 39- 195. A higher score on the FFMQ shows higher levels of mindfulness. Questions 22-12-16-5-8-13-18-23-28-34-38-3-10-14-17-25-30-35-39 has reverse scoring. FFMQ has good psychometric features (Baer et al., 2008). Goldberg et al. (2016) reported internal consistency reliability estimates for the FFMQ in the one study as adequate: α = 0.89, 0.92, 0.89, 0.79, 0.80, and 0.92 for acting with awareness, describe, non-judge, non-react, observe, and total scores respectively. In investigating the psychometric properties of this questionnaire in Iran, the test-retest correlation coefficients were found between r = -0.57 (non-judge factor) and r = 0.84 (observe factor). Also, alpha coefficients obtained in an acceptable range (between α = 0.55, on the non-react factor and α = 0.83 for the describe factor) (Heydarinasab, 2013). Johansen et al. (2017) also found the reliability of the subscales of this instrument was very good, and Cronbach’s alpha for its subscales was from 0.71 to 0.90. The alpha coefficient of the instrument in the present study is presented in Table 1.