Abstract
Team approaches in healthcare settings is beneficial for maximising
clinical outcomes and patient safety. A scoping review was undertaken to
examine collaborative clinical reasoning (CCR) related studies in
healthcare. Medline, PsychInfo, SciVerse Scopus, and Web of Science were
searched to include full-text articles published between 2011 to 2020.
Search terms included cooperative, collaborative, shared, team,
collective, reasoning, problem solving, decision making, combined with
clinical or medicine or medical, but excluded shared decision making. A
total of 24 articles were identified in the review. Analysis of the
articles resulted in four major content themes: (1) Decision-making
process (n=14); (2) Quality assessment by MDTs-MODe (Multidisciplinary
Team-Metric for the Observation of Decision Making; n=5) (3) CCR theory
and definitions(n=3); and (4) Problem-solving process (n=2). Most
articles focused on communication associated with collaborative
decision-making processes. None provided direct evidence on the process
of CCR or its impact on clinical outcomes. CCR describes the process of
reaching a shared mental model where members in a healthcare team can
arrive at a solution more efficiently by anticipating other members’
responses and needs. This evidence also suggests that team-based care
has important implications for medical diagnosis and decision-making.
Our results illuminate the necessity of further research in CCR,
specifically with a focus on cognitive components of CCR. A better
understanding of current CCR research in healthcare may inform future
discussions around establishing strategies to enhance CCR development,
and hence provide positive influence on medical education and patient
safety.