Law enforcement crowdsourcing initiatives: a Systematic Literature
Review to identify key design elements
Abstract
Collective Intelligence on the Internet, managed through crowdsourcing,
has allowed Internet users to put their eyes, ears, and minds at the
service of professional security forces. The general objective is to
support the security actions that these agencies carry out to ensure a
safer society. Given the relevance of this topic, this paper studies
through a systematic literature review how Collective Intelligence is
being used as a support tool for the formal social control exercised by
both states’ security forces and professional corporations. Using a
morphological approach, the paper also structures the eight basic
general crowdsourcing elements (crowd, crowdsourcer, task, technology,
crowd reward, crowdsourcer reward, participatory process, and open call)
into a conceptual framework to present an integrated overview of the
design options of the formal social control crowdsourcing initiatives
studied. This analysis also allows to identify different relevant
interdependencies between design elements.