Abstract
Is there a relationship between education and the type of revolutionary
action – violent or nonviolent? Past studies found a positive
relationship between the education and nonviolence, but the influence
that education produces on the form that revolution takes has not yet
been explored. This paper examines it at a cross-national level with an
analysis of 470 NAVCO ‘maximalist campaigns’ and 265 revolutionary
events recorded between 1950 and 2020. Tests using logistic regression
and our own index support the hypothesis that mean years of schooling is
a usable, strong and consistently significant predictor of the unarmed
form of revolutionary action. Moreover, it is also found that education
has the highest pacifying effect in the early stages of modernization,
but then this effect gradually decreases and in developed countries
education has a less strong pacifying effect.